Kaliningrad is a sea port, and the administrative center of the
Kaliningard Oblast, which is an exclave of
Russia lying on the Baltic Sea coast between
Lithuania and Poland.
As of the
2002 census,
the city had a population of 430,003.
Kaliningard was once a German city, known by the German
name of Königsberg. The city was captured by the Soviet Red Army, after a brutal and extended series of battles
during the final stages of World War II. As was agreed by the Allies at the Potsdam Conference,
sovereignty over the city and the surrounding area was transfered to the Soviet Union (the city became
part of the Russian SFSR. The
name of the city was changed from Königsberg to Kaliningrad in
1946,
in honor of Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin, one of the original Bolsheviks, who died that same year.
Kaliningrad had an estimated population of 820,500.
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